Large health care investments cap off eventful 2020 as we look ahead into 2021

  

What a historic year it has been on so many levels. Leaving behind the first year of a new decade that saw struggles which we could not have foreseen in January 2020, and going into a holiday season that looks vastly different from years passed and a future that is still unclear – it’s easy to focus on the negative. However, despite the trials and tribulations of this year, it is important and inspiring to recognize all of the ground-breaking work that ANA and nurses have done in the policy, government affairs and advocacy spaces, as we look towards what is on the horizon in 2021.

At the time of publication, Congress is in the process of passing a year-end package that will avert a government shutdown, include money for vaccines and COVID-19 aid to frontline workers, boost the economy, and include language to protect patients from surprise billing for health care. ANA has been working with our allies in Congress, and advocating to get these items addressed. Please be on the lookout for further details on the year-end package by visiting ANA’s new advocacy page. In the meantime, let’s acknowledge the progress made throughout 2020, which was necessitated by the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE).

Earlier this year, the U.S. Congress and the President signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act. Included in the law is language that reauthorizes Title VIII Nursing Workforce Development Programs and authorizes Nurse Practitioners (NPs) and Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs) to order home health care for their patients. These are longtime ANA federal legislative priorities, and we applaud Congress and the administration on their passage in the early stages of the pandemic. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) like NPs and CNSs are key to COVID-19 care and maintaining access to non-COVID-19 care throughout the crisis.

By summer, ANA was becoming a regular voice for nurses as Congress sought additional solutions to PHE challenges in the healthcare system. ANA President Ernest Grant testified at a hearing before the Senate Finance Committee, “Part 2: Protecting the Reliability of the U.S. Medical Supply Chain During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Dr. Grant was there to answer the many questions Senators had about the impact of COVID-19. Questions ranged from what more the federal government could do to strengthen the supply chain, to the needs of nurses on the ground.

ANA also responded on behalf of nurses to proposals outlined in a white paper released by the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pension (HELP) Committee. The Committee requested input on what the U.S. had learned from the past 20 years of public health preparedness and response, and how we can better prepare for future pandemics. ANA’s response focused on how to rebuild and maintain state and federal stockpiles, improving public health capabilities, and increasing medical supply surge capacity and distribution. 

ANA has been consistently present with effective advocacy on personal protective equipment (PPE), which has been in short supply all year. As a result, the enterprise was tapped as leadership of a broad-based the coalition that will be a united voice to Congress and the administration on PPE and supply chain issues, to improve public health.

As we pivot to start working with the incoming administration, ANA has hit the ground running, providing substantive recommendations to transition leaders, and applauding the appointment of a registered nurse to President-elect Biden’s COVID-19 Task Force. We have communicated the many ways in which ANA and nurses can be a resource to the transition and the upcoming administration. We continue to solidify relationships to ensure that ANA will maintain a strong voice in the White House and key agencies in the months ahead.

Like the rest of the Policy and Government Affairs team, the ANA Political Action Committee (ANA-PAC) experienced a very successful year in 2020 despite the multitude of challenges it faced at the start of the pandemic. For starters, the PAC continued its winning streak with a 95 percent win rate in the 2020 general election for the nearly 100 candidates the PAC supported based on their pro-nursing agendas. Members of ANA drove their support unlike in years passed to the tune of over 5,600 contributors to the PAC which was an increase of 34 percent over 2019 and counting! And it doesn’t stop there: the financial strength of the PAC continues to improve as receipts are up 3 percent over last year and this number only continues to grow as we head toward the year end. Policy and GOVA will be spending the early part of 2021 strategizing our support for our existing nursing champions and starting new outreach efforts to those new freshman members of Congress. Stay tuned for updates in the next ANA-PAC quarterly newsletter.

ANA advocacy on federal regulatory policy has also strengthened nurses and demonstrated the power of nurses’ voices. With the COVID-19 PHE extended until March 2021, Medicare payment flexibilities gained in 2020 will continue. A number of these provisions expand access to APRNs for non-COVID-19 care as well as COVID-19 care, which has been a boon to patients and their providers throughout the pandemic, especially in rural areas.

The readiness of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to remove regulatory barriers to practice has come as a result of direct advocacy over the years by ANA and partner organizations. The voices of frontline nurse providers were also heard, as CMS gathered first-hand accounts and created space to share this information on regular conference calls with nurses about the impacts of COVID-19 on their practice.

The pandemic has demonstrated the value of APRNs across the health care system, and CMS’ actions tell us that Medicare leaders are hearing us. The future is indeed bright, as CMS continues to review unnecessary barriers and craft regulatory relief. ANA policy leaders are right there, urging specific changes, and making a powerful case for making permanent changes to expand access to APRNs. We saw some success in the physician payment rule for 2021, which removed federal restrictions on APRN supervision of diagnostic tests.

CMS was not the only agency hearing nurses’ voices as important decisions were made. Early and often, ANA repeatedly called for steps to improve protections for frontline providers, including a return as soon as possible to pre-pandemic standards for PPE.

We made our case to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the Office of Minority Health at HHS, the Department of Veterans Affairs, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Government Accountability Office, and the White House Economic Advisors. ANA has become the “go to” organization for agency staff when they hear about events happening on the ground to work together to improve conditions for nurses. 

The pandemic made ANA’s presence even more valuable with the American Medical Association’s (AMA) RUC and CPT committees, which are the driving force for health care reimbursement. ANA CPT advisors were at the table when the CPT codes for both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines were developed. In a separate process, ANA advisors were consulted to account for increased practice expenses incurred during the pandemic. Throughout, ANA engaged feedback and comment from the nursing community. All of these accomplishments could not be done without the loud impassioned voice of our ANA members and RNAction advocates. This united voice sent nearly 460,000 letters to Congress, responded to public comments and engaged in several surveys where the results were presented to Congressional offices across Capitol Hill. All of the input from nurses, our nation’s most trusted profession for 18 straight years, directly impacted legislation and policy throughout the year. We have you to thank for that – your efforts on the frontlines, your expertise and your advocacy do not go unnoticed. With over 200,000 RNAction advocates, we are poised to improve the profession of nursing and conditions for your patients again in 2021.

Open Payments Expansion Will Capture APRNs’ 2021 Transactions

  

As a result of effective advocacy by nurses, federal policymakers are gradually moving the needle to expand access to advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). As so often is the case, added opportunities for APRNs can some with more oversight or potentially greater scrutiny. A case in point is Open Payments, which will shed sunlight on APRN relationships with drug and device manufacturers, due to upcoming implementation of a provision in the federal opioid response.

It has been two years since passage of the landmark legislation, the Substance Use-Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment for Patients and Communities Act, or the SUPPORT Act. The SUPPORT Act unequivocally recognized APRNs as a key part of the nation’s response to the opioid epidemic. Specifically, Congress permanently enabled nurse practitioners (NPs) to obtain the necessary waiver to prescribe buprenorphine as treatment for opioid use disorders (OUDs). For certified nurse-midwives, clinical nurse specialists, and certified registered nurse anesthetists, this same authority is provided with a five-year sunset, ending in 2023. ANA is not done working with Congress to get permanent authority of all APRNs to prescribe Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT).

Congress first expanded APRN authority to treat OUDs, on a temporary basis, in the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016 (CARA). Elevating APRNs in the opioid crisis response has given patients with OUDs increased access to MAT. Medication-Assisted Therapy is a widely endorsed, evidence-based approach combining buprenorphine use with counseling and behavioral therapy. Allowing APRNs to prescribe buprenorphine has been especially beneficial in areas of the country experiencing shortages of healthcare providers. According to one analysis of CARA, the number of NPs prescribing buprenorphine increased by 79 percent, and rural counties had a higher proportion of advanced practice prescribers, including NPs, compared to urban counties.

At the same time, the SUPPORT Act included a provision that expands Open Payments to include information about drug industry payments to APRNs. That provision is set to be implemented over the next two years.

The Open Payments program is not new. Open Payments comes under the Physician Payment Sunshine Act, which Congress enacted as part of the Affordable Care Act in 2010. Open Payments allows anyone on the internet to look up their physicians (or teaching hospital), and soon other qualified health care providers, and find out about money or gifts their providers have received from sources such as drug companies, device manufacturers, and research sponsors. Open Payments was created out of the desire for transparency in certain health industry transactions, and out of concern that patient care decisions might be influenced by money from outside interests.

The Open Payments searchable database is maintained by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). As shown in the screenshot below, members of the public can visit the site and search providers by name and other information such as zip code.

A search reveals how much money a provider received in a given year, who made the payments, the types and nature of payment, and how receiving these payments compares to activity of other providers. The nature and types of payment include general payments, research-related payments, and food and beverage.

In addition to keeping and displaying the data, CMS conducts the process of collecting and vetting Open Payments information. Here’s how the process works, step by step:

  1. For each calendar year, manufacturers and other reporting entities transmit data on individual transactions (valued at around $11 or more) to CMS during an open reporting period in the following year, no later than March 31.
  2. After manufacturers and other entities report for the previous year, CMS prepares the data for disclosure to recipients identified by reporters.
  3. Recipients then have a window of time each Spring to review and verify information about them and ask for corrections if appropriate.
  4. Information for the previous year goes live on the Open Payments website each June.

For APRNs, step 3 will be important in 2022 and beyond, to ensure that reports of payments in the previous year are accurate. However, there are key steps that can be taken in 2021 to prepare. First, visit OpenPayments. Get to know the database and learn more about how to participate in the program. On the Open Payments site, there is a section titled Program Expansion and Newly Covered Recipients. Providers can also sign up for information and notifications.

To summarize, payments in 2021 from manufacturers to APRNs will be subject to reporting. In early 2022, the information will be entered in Open Payments. Affected providers will have a limited opportunity to review what is reported about them. The database will be updated with 2021 data in June 2022. This sequence will recur annually.